Usually bolt actions are indeed rifles.
If you don't mind the drive, the NRA range is in Fairfax VA. Prices are very reasonable and if you go during off-peak times you can stay indefinitely.
http://www.nrahq.org/shootingrange/nrahqrange/
While you're there ask about safety classes they offer so you can learn the basics of firearm handling/shooting.
When you drive around with your .22, be sure it's in a LOCKED container in the back of the vehicle, unloaded. MD is fidgety with their gun laws.
