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OK, so you can choose a lighter round in the 30-06 and have less recoil and that suggests that the 30-06 is a more flexible round then the 308?
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It depends.
The extra case capacity of the .30-06 can be more powerful than the .308.
But if the rifle it's fired from has a short barrel that extra capacity is wasted. To use the full capacity of the .30-06 you need at least a 26" barrel. With a shorter barrel that excess powder burns up after it has left the barrel, where it no longer pushes the bullet. You do get an impressive gout of flame though.