According to an article by Roy Jinks, S&W historian, the first S&W No.3 revolvers submitted to the U.S. Army were .44 Henry rimfire. The Army returned the guns wanting a centerfire revovler. S&W simply changed the firing pin (and frame) to centerfire, without changing any chamber dimensions.
Comparing .44 Henry with .44 S&W American and Frankfor Arsenal ammunition, this seems to be the case, as dimensions are so very close to each other.
Bob Wright
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