A 40gr VMAX in a 16” barrel will go through a typical sheetrock wall and still have enough energy to potentially be lethal to a person on the other side.
Also, 40gr VMAX out of a 16” barrel doesn’t penetrate 12” of bare ballistics gel. Generally though, the 40gr VMAX fragments and stops very fast. Several agencies have used that load as their reduced penetration load.
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