Buffers used in firearms cover a range of different functions and constructions. Some are essentially solids designed to "take a hit", without damaging steel on steel contact. Others can range up to various kinds of springs and/or hydraulic cylinders designed to slow down moving parts before stopping them.
See if you can find some kind of non-destructive testing that will give you some reference of the "hardness" of the old buffer you have, compared with the grades of modern materials.
Good Luck!
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All else being equal (and it almost never is) bigger bullets tend to work better.
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