[Unclenick]

231 is an old powder formulation (the 1960s?) with plenty of graphite. Many complain it is dirtier than Bullseye in target loads, though better in full power loads in .38 Special and .45 Auto. That's because it is a little slower so it burns more completely at higher temperature and pressure. Its main advantage among target shooters is just that it meters much more easily. Again, I would be looking for one of the newer non-graphited powders.