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Yes the gun writers have no idea what they are talking about.
Here is 1905 again , you yourself just said that was wrong. The German military NEVER used the term J [ or I ] for a bore nor ammo. Just look at any German ammo boxes or military documents.
A bore with a .312 land and a .318 groove would have no rifling [0.003" per side]. German P-88 ammo had a .3188 dia bullet, just measure some.
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Grooves were 0.319" before 1894 (if I recall correctly). After that date, they bumped the bullet diameter to 0.321".
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A long bearing surface of a bullet larger than groove size would not work.
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Why not? I've done it with 7.62x54R.
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They knew that as they were already making 8mm rifles before the G-88 with undersized bullets.
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Like 0.318"-0.319"?
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S was never a bore size , the .323 bore size is clearly called the Z bore in German documents and that it came out in 1896 1/2.
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No, "S" stood for "Spitzgeschoss," which was what was introduced in the 7.92x57IS round.
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All Norma says is that they were two loadings of the 8mm , one having a .318 bullet, that is true.
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Then why are you arguing it? The groove diameter was 0.319" before 1894. I
may have said 0.318", and, if I did, it was a typo.
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Most gunwriters have no idea about military rifles . Mike V [ the duck of death ] wrote about the 8mm saying " the Germans turned the world on it's ear when they invented the spritzer bullet in 1905". Even though the French 8mm Lebel issue ammo was a spritzer in the 1890's. Clearly he had no idea.
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Balle D, yes. That's a given. c1898.
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In your article quotes above the one says 7.92mm = .318 groove . It does not , just do math . The 7.92 or 7.91 and so on was the BORE dia and it was stamped on Gew-88/05's.
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It's 0.312", which is the land diameter, yes.
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He says the German I and J are interchangeable . My friend with a masters degree from a German college in Imperial German laughed and said that is not the case.
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It's an "I". It's always been an "I". The mistake came the way it was written. It looked like an English "J".
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All of that is a perfect example of the BS floating around . Look at old US army reports and OLD reloading manuals ,they knew the groove was 0.321.
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... after 1894.
Josh