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Length of the shell, these days, seems to be a bigger indication of "heavy load" vs "light load"..../ so most - in a 12ga now - most 2 3/4" shells are more of a target or quail load....3" shells is where you start getting into "heavier payloads of shot" 1 1/4 oz and heavier...and 3 1/2" shells....
A lot of the better "target shells" Remington STS, Remington Nitro, some of the Winchester AA shells are still brass..../ the old Activ shells actually had a steel base inside the plastic..or at least some of them did / but yes, a lot of the promo brand shells ( Estate, Rio, etc will have alloy or steel bases..)...
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But for Target loads...in 12ga ...where 1 1/8 oz shells at 1200 fps were the common load....a lot of us have gone to 1 oz shells at around 1200 fps ...and for the last 3 yrs or so, a lot of us have been experimenting and reloading 7/8 oz shells in 12ga ( more of a typical 20ga load ) and some 3/4 oz loads in 12ga (a typical 28ga load ) ...and since many of us reload, there are all kinds of recipes now for 3/4 oz loads in 12ga hulls at around 1200 fps ...( and saving that extra 1/4 oz or even 3/8 oz of shot per shell ) with the cost of bags of shot heading up to $ 40 a bag....is saving us a lot of money /and our scores have not come down ...
so the old norms on high brass, low brass, typical 12ga loads....are pretty much all out the window these days....
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