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There are two major components of recoil. The first is bullet movement - the mass x velocity of the bullet equals the mass x velocity of the gun going the other way.
Except that the suppressor, brake or whatever adds weight (mass) to the gun, that recoil component is not affected in any way by their presence, given the same mass and velocity of the bullet.
The other major component of recoil is the "jet" affect of the powder gasses as they leave the muzzle both before and after the bullet. Depending on the design of a suppressor, the gas is slowed down and cooled, so that component is reduced somewhat.
A brake reduces recoil not by reducing the volume or speed of exiting gas, but by redirecting it. By forcing part of it in another direction (usually upward), the jet effect of that part of the gas is not only removed from the line of the barrel, but is made to push the muzzle in a direction that will compensate for some of the recoil. Directing some of the gas directly to the rear would pull the gun forward, reducing recoil still more, but the shooter would definitely prefer not to take that route.
As a practical matter, no suppressor I have used has reduced recoil by any noticeable amount.
Jim
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