From that perspective, you'd be better off with a .338 Lapua or something.
.30-06 may "do everything" if your definition is very loose, but it's positively lousy for anything much smaller than whitetail deer and certainly wouldn't be considered sufficient for a great deal of African hunting.
If "do everything" is defined as deer to brown bear, yeah, it's a "do everything" gun.
Otherwise, there really is no such cartridge.
It really isn't logical to buy a gun now based on some ethereal future hunt which may well never happen and would cost probably $15,000 if it did, with the notion that you wouldn't want to spend $500 or $1000 on a new gun for your $15,000 bear hunt.
For most guys, "do everything" doesn't include anything larger than an deer, most of the remaining nothing larger than a moose. Sure a .30-06 covers the top end of that spectrum but it's a lousy varmint gun in terms of recoil, pelt damage, etc. Any number of other cartridges would kill a moose, elk and most certainly any deer alive just as dead and be far more pleasant to shoot and a much better choice at the low end of the "do everything" spectrum.
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