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Powder capacity = case volume; and powder/case compatibility.
300 Win Mag has a much higher case capacity than 308 or 7.62x39 or 30 cal carbine.
That case capacity is then packed with more of a slower burning powder, to push a heavier bullet much faster.
You cant duplicate 300 W Mag with a 30 cal carbine. That capacity also tends to make for a longer cartridge, which means a longer action/receiver. AND, that longer action is rated for the heavier duty cartridge.
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