Recoil comes in two stages:
1: Internal recoil as the bullet is being pushed out the bore the rifle is being pushed backwards, this can be as much as 1/16th of an inch.
2: "External Recoil" which is the "jet blast" as all that pressurized gas pushes out after the bullet leaves the bore.
This is why a max load under a 140 grain bullet in a 7mm Rem Mag can "feel" more powerful than a sedate 175 gr Bullet at a starting load.
When you add up the mass of the powder and bullet you get the total mass leaving the muzzle and pushing back through the rifle into your shoulder. A drop of 35 grains in bullet weight can be totally wiped out by an increase of 10 grains of powder giving back more felt recoil.
Jimro
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Machine guns are awesome until you have to carry one.
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