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If you shoot an animal with a 150 grain bullet traveling at 3000 FPS and the bullet exits the animal at 2000 FPS, is that more energy transfered than the same bullet traveling at 1000 FPS that stops in the animal?
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Yes, because energy quadruples as the velocity doubles, and you are losing 1/3 of the velocity, so roughly about 60% of the energy is delivered to the animal in the form of hydraulic shock that created the wound channel.
A 150 gr bullet traveling at 1000 fps would have roughly 350 ft/lbs of energy, not much for taking on a game animal.
The same 150 gr bullet at 3000 fps would have approximately 2900 ft/lbs of energy, and at 2000 fps it would have about 1300 ft/lbs. The energy delivered to the animal's tissues is the difference, about 1600 ft/lbs.