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stephen,
Incapacitation (as by breaking or damaging the pelvis or leg) MAY prevent a person from walking, but probably not from shooting.
There are a few definitive answers.
One definitive answer is that in the vast majority of effective self-defense gun uses, the gun is either not fired, or it is fired but the attacker is not shot.
So, if you lose the lottery and have to pull your gun on someone, chances are you won't have to actually perforate him to get a good result.
If you actually shoot your attacker then you get into another probabilistic situation.
A person will ONLY be INSTANTLY neutralized by a shot if one or more of the following occurs.
1. The person is mentally or psychologically predisposed to fall down upon being shot.
2. The actual event of being shot completely re-arranges the person's priorities.
3. The shot damages the Central Nervous System (CNS=Upper spine and brain).
1 & 2 are actually pretty common.
#3 is the hard one, but fortunately it's not likely that you'll actually have to rely on your ability to make such a shot except in the most dire circumstances. Most attackers give up before being shot, most of the rest of them give up after being shot (even with bad shot placement). It's only the real die hards that must be actually neutralized by bullet placement.
If you can't or don't make the CNS hit and you're faced with a "die hard" then it comes down to making them lose consciousness (or die) of blood pressure drop to the brain. That will require a complete bleed out (which could take from seconds to hours), severe damage to the heart, or severe damage to the large blood vessels in the neck. Physically incapacitating the attacker (as with a pelvis shot) can't hurt at this point, as long as it doesn't interfere with your other goals.
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