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There is this thing in machineguns called cookoff, if a round is chambered with a bolt closed just sitting there the heat from the chamber can ignite the powder the gun will cycle and load another round. If the chamber is hot enough the gun will run away with no way to stop the cycle.
An open bolt gun locks open with no round chambered. When the trigger is pulled it loads one round and fires it with fixed or hammer fired then locks open again untill the trigger is pulled again.
If the open bolt is a machinegun, well as long as the trigger is pulled the bolt cycles the gun fires, let go of the trigger and the bolt locks open allowing the chamber to cool.
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