I have seen some posts recomending a shotgun, and recomending gauge and load, so I thought I'd post this.
Firearms Tactical Institute report recomends #1 Buck
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For personal defense and law enforcement applications, the International Wound Ballistics Association advocates number 1 buckshot as being superior to all other buckshot sizes.
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Number 1 buck is the smallest diameter shot that reliably and consistently penetrates more than 12 inches of standard ordnance gelatin when fired at typical shotgun engagement distances.
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A standard 2 ¾-inch 12 gauge shotshell contains 16 pellets of #1 buck. The total combined cross sectional area of the 16 pellets is 1.13 square inches. Compared to the total combined cross sectional area of the nine pellets in a standard #00 (double-aught) buck shotshell (0.77 square inches), the # 1 buck shotshell has the capacity to produce over 30 percent more potentially effective wound trauma. In all shotshell loads, number 1 buckshot produces more potentially effective wound trauma than either #00 or #000 buck. In addition, number 1 buck is less likely to over-penetrate and exit an attacker's body
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The full report:
http://www.firearmstactical.com/briefs10.htm
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I'm not saying she should get a 12ga, I'm just putting the info out there for #1 Buck.
I do think however that there are better options out there for her than the .22LR carbine.