If I remember right, the barrel and some other parts snap forwards when you pull the trigger, and then fires when they are still moving. What this accomplishes is that as it recoils, it must first slow and stop the forwards advancing barrel (and whatever else, can't remember), absorbing a good portion of the recoil.
This is similar to how open bolt submachines featuring advanced primer detonation operate, except in a single shot shotgun.
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